Department of Mass Communication
ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
ISLAMABAD( AIOU), BZU, LUMS, NUML, GUOS
PREFACE
I feel great pleasure and am proud of being the student of the Mass Comm Dep AIOU Islamabad. I also feel proud because the institution not only provides theoretical knowledge but also gives the practical exposure to the student. I have gained a lot of knowledge and practical exposure while working on this report, which is the sole purpose of this report.
The internship programme completion and submission of research report is an integral part of Master Degree in Mass Communication for AIOU. The purpose of the training is to provide the student with the practical experience of FM 101 its functions and application of financial strategies in general. I confess that a few weeks time is not sufficient to grasp the scope of study therefore the report under sight is just a soup shot of the dept not the work of it. I am a commissioned officer from Short Service Commission Cadre of P
akistan Navy and presently, serving as Officer Incharge R&D at POFs Wah Cant for last 5 years. I got this opportunity to refine my practical experience with the theoretical knowledge and got an excellent chance to divert my knowledge in the right direction. As being student of HRM, I focus on HRM Dep. for the purpose of my studies.
Contents
Radio Pakistan…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
Introductions of radio Pakistan Particulars……………………………………………………………………………. 4
Radio Pakistan…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
FM 101 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
Radio 101 add Duration…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
LIST OF PBC STATIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5
FM-101 CHANNEL NETWORK OBJECTIVES……………………………………………………………………. 8
Contents………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
History…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
Public broadcasting……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
Radio………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
Radio technology………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
Radio communication………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15
Bandwidth…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17
ITU frequency bands…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18
Radio spectrum…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19
Limits………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20
Bands………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
ITU…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 22
IEEE radar bands………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25
EU, NATO, US ECM frequency designations……………………………………………………………………… 27
Waveguide frequency bands…………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
Radio broadcasting……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 30
Air band…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30
Marine band……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30
Radio Pakistan broadcasts are in 34 languages…………………………………………………………………. 31
2.1 News & Current Affairs Channel………………………………………………………………………….. 33
2.2 FM. 101…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
FM-101 NETWORK……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34
PBC NEWS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
REPORTING DESK…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
NEWS MONITORING……………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
Central productions………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
Radio Pakistan serves as the national public broadcaster for radio in Pakistan. Although some local stations predate Radio Pakistan’s founding, it is the oldest existing broadcasting network in Pakistan. The network was established on 14 August 1947, following Pakistan’s independence from Britain. Radio Pakistan services include AM news services and FM 101 and FM 93.
FM 101 Introduction
FM101 – The words “this is Pakistan Broadcasting Service” which went on air at the midnight of August 14‚ 1947‚ marked the birth of Radio Pakistan. It was converted into Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation (PBC) on December 20‚ 1972 as a statutory body governed by the Board of Directors and the Director General.
PBC Objective is to be a credible and effective medium to promote Pakistan as an enlightened and progressive Islamic country both at home and abroad. Due to its successful endeavor to inform‚ educate and entertain‚ PBC is recognized as Voice of Pakistan. PBC’s extensive national network of AM / SW / FM stations and representatives spread across the country covers 98% of population and 80% of the total area in Pakistan.
Radio 101 add Duration
15 seconds, 30 seconds, 60 seconds
FM-101 CHANNEL NETWORK OBJECTIVES
Radio is the most effective media tool today even in the era of IT and multimedia communication. In view of the penetration, sweep, pervasiveness, accessibility, cost effectiveness and convenience, its identity can never be lost. It can be tuned anywhere during daily life i.e. while studying, driving, cooking, working in the fields and retiring in the bed. In the present technological revolution and transformation, FM broadcast has taken the world by storm. It has taken a lead by virtue of line of sight propagation of waves and smaller range resulting in good quality and reliable signal. The salient feature of FM broadcast is that it works as community radio station, broadcasting programmes in the language and dialect of a particular area in accordance with their style and taste.
Yet, benefiting from experiences gained in other countries, Pakistan broadcasting corporation introduced a musical channel on the FM band at its Karachi station in April, 1993. During the same year, similar channels started operating under the PBC management from Lahore and Islamabad as well. The immense response that it received from the audiences in the three urban centers convinced the PBC people that they had taken a step in the right direction by setting up FM channel.
FM-101 was launched simultaneously at Islamabad, Lahore & Karachi on October 1st, 1998. Youthful presenters with friendly style were engaged and the phone-in facility was made available to the listeners. The transmission hours were also increased so that the channel now remains on the air daily from 6 in the morning till 4:00 am. FM 101 is now operating its transmission daily from 19 stations at Islamabad, Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar, Quetta, Faisalabad, Sialkot, Hyderabad, Multan Larkana, Mithi, Bitshah, Khairpur, Kohat, Bannu, Sargodha, Mirpur and Bahawalpur & Abbottabad At presents FM-101 channel is the biggest FM network of Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation.
The programme consists of music mainly of the pop variety. Western music has also been allocated two hours every day, form 3 to 4 in the afternoon and 8 to 9 in the evening. The
transmission is sprinkled with information on a variety of topics including driving tips, horoscopes, sports, weather updates, culture and civilization, health and hygiene, quiz, women and kids issues, fashion and style and even stocks and business hints.
Prominent personalities of different fields of life are also invited in live shows to talk to the listeners and answer their phone calls. FM-101 channel also broadcast Current Affairs issues as and when required. The listeners give their feedback and have interaction which the DJs of FM 101 channel through SMS service, e-mails and letters. The transmission of FM 101 is also available on the web.The success of any broadcast organization depends on the style presentation techniques, it has adopted.
Therefore, the first and foremost demand of FM 101 from its presenters is subject knowledge, language efficiency and vocabulary with communication skills and mannerism. The presenters of the channel have been provided these skills with extensive training and guidance by experienced production team of PBC.
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